本书是第一本反映宁夏回族自治区蚧虫及其天敌研究成果的著作,分总论和各论两部分。总论部分介绍了宁夏的自然地理概况、宁夏蚧虫的危害状况、危害特点和成灾原因,以及蚧虫形态、分类、生物学特性及其防治等基础知识;各论部分详细记述了9科73属145种蚧虫和6目9科29种天敌;并编制了蚧虫各科分种检索表;同时提供了大量资料图片。
本书可作为农林院校,科研单位,农、牧、林及园艺技术管理和生产部门的主要参考书。
样章试读
目录
- 序
前言
总论
1 宁夏回族自治区的自然地理概况
2 宁夏蚧虫的危害状况
3 宁夏蚧虫的危害特点
4 宁夏蚧虫成灾原因分析
5 蚧虫的形态和分类
5.1 蚧虫的基本形态特征
5.1.1 雌成虫
5.1.2 雄成虫
5.2 蚧虫的分类
6 蚧虫的生物学特性
7 蚧虫的综合防治方法
7.1 植物检疫
7.2 营林措施
7.3 生物防治
7.3.1 利用天敌防治蚧虫的优越性
7.3.2 生物防治的有效途径
7.4 物理机械防治
7.5 化学防治
各论 宁夏蚧虫种类记述
1 旌蚧科Ortheziidae
1.1 旌蚧属Orthezia Bosc d'Antic
1.1.1 荨麻旌蚧Orthezia urticae(Linnaeus)
2 绵蚧科Monophlebidae
2.1 履绵蚧属Drosicha Walker
2.1.1 日本履绵蚧Drosicha cor pulenta(Kuwana)
2.2 吹绵蚧属Icer ya Signoret
2.2.1 吹绵蚧Icerya purchasi Maskell
3 珠蚧科Margarodidae
3.1 松干蚧属Matsucoccus Cockerell
3.1.1 红松松干蚧Matsucoccus liaoningensis Tang
3.2 新珠蚧属Neomargarodes Green
3.2.1 野菊新珠蚧Neomargarodes chondrillae Archangelskaya
3.3 胭珠蚧属Porphyrophora Brandt & Ratzeburg
3.3.1 甘草胭珠蚧Porphyrophora sophorae(Archangelskaya)
3.3.2 乌苏里胭珠蚧Porphyrophora ussuriensis Borchsenius
4 粉蚧科Pseudococcidae
4.1 配粉蚧属Allotrionymus Takahashi
4.1.1 多孔配粉蚧Allotrionymus multipori Kawai
4.2 安粉蚧属Antonina Signoret
4.2.1 远东安粉蚧Antonina tesquorum Danzig
4.3 黑粉蚧属Atrococcus Goux
4.3.1 蓍草黑粉蚧Atrococcus achilleae(Kiritshenko)
4.3.2 内蒙黑粉蚧Atrococcus innermongolicus Tang
4.3.3 太平洋黑粉蚧Atrococcus pacificus(Borchsenius)
4.3.4 草地黑粉蚧Atrococcus paludinus(Green)
4.4 雪粉蚧属Ceroputo Sulc
4.4.1 古北雪粉蚧Ceroputo pilosellae Sulc
4.5 鞘粉蚧属Chaetococcus Maskell
4.5.1 吐伦鞘粉蚧Chaetococcus turanicus Borchsenius
4.6 隹粉蚧属Chnaurococcus Ferris
4.6.1 蒙古隹粉蚧Chnaurococcus mongolicus(Danzig)
4.7 巧粉蚧属Chorizococcus McKenzie
4.7.1 鸦葱巧粉蚧Chorizococcus scorzonerae Tang
4.8 盘粉蚧属Coccura Sulc
4.8.1 西欧盘粉蚧Coccura comari(Kunow)
4.8.2 远东盘粉蚧Coccura convexa Borchsenius
4.9 皑粉蚧属Crisicoccus Ferris
4.9.1 贺兰皑粉蚧Crisicoccus helanensis Wu
4.10 灰粉蚧属Dysmicoccus Ferris
4.10.1 中亚灰粉蚧Dysmicoccus multivorus(Kiritshenko)
4.11 草粉蚧属Fonscolombia Lichtenstein
4.11.1 宁夏草粉蚧,新种Fonscolombia ningxiana Wu,sp.nov.
4.11.2 蒙古草粉蚧Fonscolombia tshadaevae(Danzig)
4.12 胶粉蚧属Glycycnyza Danzig(中国新记录)
4.12.1 胡杨胶粉蚧Glycycnyza turangicola Danzig(中国新记录)
4.13 星粉蚧属Heliococcus Sulc
4.13.1 旧北星粉蚧Heliococcus bohemicus Sulc
4.13.2 巴氏星粉蚧Heliococcus pavlovskii Borchsenius et Tereznikova
4.13.3 侵若星粉蚧Heliococcus pamirensis Bazarov
4.13.4 蒙古星粉蚧Heliococcus tesquorum Borchsenius
4.14 壤粉蚧属Humococcus Ferris
4.14.1 东方壤粉蚧Humococcus orientalis(Borchsenius)
4.15 长粉蚧属Longicoccus Danzig
4.15.1 冰草长粉蚧,新种Longicoccus agropyri Wu,sp.nov.
4.15.2 赖草长粉蚧Longicoccus leymicola(Tang)新组合n.comb.
4.16 藜粉蚧属Metadenopsis Matesova(中国新记录)
4.16.1 琐琐藜粉蚧Metadenopsis ceratocarpi Matesova(中国新记录)
4.17 美粉蚧属Metadenopus Sulc
4.17.1 羊茅美粉蚧Metadenopus festucae Sulc
4.18 小粉蚧属Mirococcopsis Borchsenius
4.18.1 中国小粉蚧Mirococcopsis chinensis Tang
4.19 新粉蚧属Neotrionymus Borchsenius
4.19.1 芦苇新粉蚧Neotrionymus monstatus Borchsenius
4.20 堆粉蚧属Nipaecoccus Sulc
4.20.1 枸杞堆粉蚧Nipaecoccus lycii Tang
4.21 品粉蚧属Peliococcus Borchsenius
4.21.1 艾草品粉蚧Peliococcus chersonensis(Kiritshenko)
4.21.2 枸杞品粉蚧Peliococcus lycicola Tang
4.22 绵粉蚧属Phenacoccus Cockerell
4.22.1 无管绵粉蚧Phenacoccus atubulatus Wu
4.22.2 野麦绵粉蚧Phenacoccus bazarovi Ben-Dov
4.22.3 额济绵粉蚧Phenacoccus ejinensis Tang
4.22.4 古北绵粉蚧Phenacoccus interruptus Green
4.22.5 拟芬绵粉蚧Phenacoccus phencoccoides(Kiritshenko)
4.22.6 远东绵粉蚧Phenacoccus poriferus Borchsenius
4.22.7 苹果绵粉蚧Phenacoccus transcaucasicus Hadzibejli
4.23 臀纹粉蚧属Planococcus Ferris
4.23.1 柑橘臀纹粉蚧Planococcus citri(Risso)
4.24 粉蚧属Pseudococcus Westwood
4.24.1 康氏粉蚧Pseudococcus comstocki(Kuwana)
4.24.2 柑橘棘粉蚧Pseudococcus cryptus Hempel
4.24.3 拟葡萄粉蚧Pseudococcus viburni(Signoret)
4.25 土粉蚧属Ripersiella Tinsley
4.25.1 贺兰土粉蚧Ripersiella helanensis Tang
4.26 蔗粉蚧属Saccharicoccus Ferris
4.26.1 旧北蔗粉蚧Saccharicoccus penium Williams
4.27 匹粉蚧属Spilococcus Ferris
4.27.1 艾蒿匹粉蚧Spilococcus artemsiphilus(Tang)
4.27.2 内蒙古匹粉蚧Spilococcus innermongolicus Tang
4.28 刺粉蚧属Spinococcus Kiritshenko
4.28.1 多管刺粉蚧Spinococcus multitubulatus(Danzig)(中国新记录)
4.29 脐粉蚧属Tridiscus Ferris
4.29.1 醉马草脐粉蚧Tridiscus achnatherum Wu
4.30 条粉蚧属Trionymus Berg
4.30.1 黑麦条粉蚧Trionymus aberrans Goux
4.30.2 孤独条粉蚧Trionymus singularis Schmutterer
5 毡蚧科Eriococcidae
5.1 白毡蚧属Asiacornococcus Tang et Hao
5.1.1 柿树白毡蚧Asiacornococcus kaki(Kuwana)
5.2 毡蚧属Eriococcus Targioni-Tozzetti
5.2.1 槭毡蚧Eriococcus acericola Tang et Hao
5.2.2 山杏毡蚧Eriococcus armeniacus Tang et Hao
5.2.3 杜梨毡蚧Eriococcus betulaefoliae Tang et Hao
5.2.4 鲍氏毡蚧Eriococcus borchsenii(Danzig)
5.2.5 长刺毡蚧Eriococcus cingulatus Kiritshenko
5.2.6 石榴囊毡蚧Eriococcus lagerostroemiae Kuwana
5.2.7 缘边囊毡蚧Eriococcus marginalis(Borchsenius)
5.2.8 小型毡蚧Eriococcus minimus(Tang)
5.2.9 多刺毡蚧Eriococcus multispinatus(Tang et Hao)
5.2.10 宁夏毡蚧Eriococcus ningxianensis Tang et Hao
5.2.11 柳树干毡蚧Eriococcus salicis Borchsenius
5.2.12 霸王毡蚧Eriococcus zygophylli Archangelskaya
6 链蚧科Asterolecaniidae
6.1 竹链蚧属Bambusaspis Cockerell
6.1.1 广布竹链蚧Bambusaspis bambusae(Boisduval)
7 仁蚧科Aclerdidae
7.1 日仁蚧属Nip ponaclerda McConnell
7.1.1 芦苇日仁蚧Nipponaclerda biwakoensis(Kuwana)
8 蚧科Coccidae
8.1 蜡蚧属Ceroplastes Gray
8.1.1 日本龟蜡蚧Ceroplastes japonicus Green
8.2 蚧属Coccus Linnaeus
8.2.1 褐软蚧Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus
8.3 绿棉蚧属Chloropulvinaria Borchsenius
8.3.1 柑橘绿棉蚧Chloropulvinaria aurantii(Cockerell)
8.3.2 多角绿棉蚧Chloropulvinaria polygonata(Cockerell)
8.4 毛球蚧属Didesmococcus Borchsenius
8.4.1 朝鲜毛球蚧Didesmococcus koreanus Borchsenius
8.5 绒茧蚧属Eriopeltis Signoret
8.5.1 羊毛绒茧蚧Eriopeltis f estucae(Fonscolombe)
8.6 球坚蚧属Eulecanium Cockerell
8.6.1 白桦球坚蚧Eulecanium douglasi(Sulc)
8.6.2 瘤大球坚蚧Eulecanium gigantea(Shinji)
8.6.3 榆皱球坚蚧Eulecanium kostylevi Borchsenius
8.6.4 皱大球坚蚧Eulecanium kuwanai(Kanda)
8.7 坚蚧属Parthenolecanium Sulc
8.7.1 水木坚蚧Parthenolecanium corni(Bouche)
8.7.2 桃坚蚧Parthenolecanium persicae(Fabricius)
8.8 棉蚧属Pulvinaria Targioni-Tozzetti
8.8.1 葡萄棉蚧Pulvinaria vitis(Linnaeus)
8.9 褐球蚧属Rhodococcus Borchsenius
8.9.1 朝鲜褐球蚧Rhodococcus sariuoni Borchsenius
8.9.2 吐伦褐球蚧Rhodococcus turanicus Archangelskaya
8.10 盔蚧属Saissetia Deplanches
8.10.1 咖啡黑盔蚧Saissetia coff eae(Walker)
8.10.2 橄榄盔蚧Saissetia oleae(Oliver)
8.11 马头蚧属Scythia Kiritshenko
8.11.1 中华马头蚧Scythia sinensis Wu
8.12 纽棉蚧属Takahashia Cockerell
8.12.1 日本纽棉蚧Takahashia japonica Cockerell
9 盾蚧科Diaspididae
9.1 黯圆盾蚧属Abgrallaspis Balachowsky
9.1.1 灰黯圆盾蚧Abgrallaspis cyanophylli(Signoret)
9.2 圆盾蚧属Aspidiotus Bouche
9.2.1 透明圆盾蚧Aspidiotus destructor Signoret
9.2.2 常春藤圆盾蚧Aspidiotus nerii Bouche
9.3 白轮盾蚧属Aulacaspis Cockerell
9.3.1 大缺白轮盾蚧Aulacaspis amamiana Takagi
9.3.2 珠兰白轮盾蚧Aulacaspis crawii(Cockerell)
9.3.3 胡颓子白轮盾蚧Aulacaspis di ff icillis(Cockerell)
9.3.4 蔷薇白轮盾蚧Aulacaspis rosae(Bouche)
9.3.5 月季白轮盾蚧Aulacaspis rosarum Borchsenius
9.4 雪盾蚧属Chionaspis Signoret
9.4.1 柽柳雪盾蚧Chionaspis etrusca Leonardi
9.4.2 细腺雪盾蚧Chionaspis micropori Marlatt
9.4.3 孟雪盾蚧Chionaspis montana Borchsenius
9.4.4 拟孟雪盾蚧Chionaspis montanoides Tang et Li
9.4.5 多腺雪盾蚧Chionaspis polypora Borchsenius
9.4.6 乌柳雪盾蚧Chionaspis salicis-nigrae(Walsh)
9.4.7 柳雪盾蚧Chionaspis salicis(Linnaeus)
9.5 褐圆盾蚧属Chrysomphalus Ashmead
9.5.1 黑褐圆盾蚧Chrysomphalus aonidum(Linnaeus)
9.6 灰圆盾蚧属Diaspidiotus Berlese
9.6.1 沙枣灰圆盾蚧Diaspidiotus elaeagni(Borchsenius)
9.7 盾蚧属Diaspis Costa
9.7.1 仙人掌白盾蚧Diaspis echinocacti(Bouche)
9.8 蜕盾蚧属Fiorinia Targioni-Tozzetti
9.8.1 少腺蜕盾蚧Fiorinia f ioriniae(Targioni-Tozzetti)
9.9 栉圆盾蚧属Hemiberlesia Cockerell
9.9.1 棕榈栉圆盾蚧Hemiberlesia lataniae(Signoret)
9.10 蛎盾蚧属Lepidosaphes Shimer
9.10.1 紫疤蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes beckii(Newman)
9.10.2 茶蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes camelliae Hoke
9.10.3 梅蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes conchiformis Gmelin
9.10.4 苏铁疤蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes cycadicola(Kuwana)
9.10.5 葛氏蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes gloverii(Packard)
9.10.6 杉蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes pini(Maskell)
9.10.7 柳蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes salicina Borchsenius
9.10.8 沙棘蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes turanica Archangelskaya
9.10.9 榆蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes ulmi(Linnaeus)
9.10.10 杨蛎盾蚧Lepidosaphes yanagicola Kuwana
9.11 长白盾蚧属Lopholeucaspis Balachowsky
9.11.1 日本长白盾蚧Lopholeucaspis japonica(Cockerell)
9.12 绵盾蚧属Odonaspis Leonardi
9.12.1 格氏绵盾蚧Odonaspis greenii Cockerell
9.13 粕片盾蚧属Parlagena McKenzie
9.13.1 黄杨粕片盾蚧Parlagena buxi(Takahashi)
9.14 星片盾蚧属Parlatoreopsis Lindinger
9.14.1 中国星片盾蚧Parlatoreopsis chinensis(Marlatt)
9.14.2 梨星片盾蚧Parlatoreopsis pyri(Marlatt)
9.15 片盾蚧属Parlatoria Targioni-Tozzetti
9.15.1 山茶片盾蚧Parlatoria camelliae Comstock
9.15.2 侧柏片盾蚧Parlatoria cupressi Ferris
9.15.3 黄片盾蚧Parlatoria proteus(Curtis)
9.15.4 茶片盾蚧Parlatoria theae Cockerell
9.16 并盾蚧属Pinnaspis Cockerell
9.16.1 百合并盾蚧Pinnaspis aspidistrae(Signoret)
9.16.2 黄杨并盾蚧Pinnaspis buxi(Bouche)
9.17 原盾蚧属Prodiaspis Young
9.17.1 中国原盾蚧Prodiaspis sinensis(Tang)
9.18 白盾蚧属Pseudaulacaspis MacGillivray
9.18.1 考氏白盾蚧Pseudaulacaspis cockerelli(Cooley)
9.18.2 桑白盾蚧Pseudaulacaspis pentagona(Targioni-Tozzetti)
9.19 笠圆盾蚧属Quadraspidiotus MacGillivray
9.19.1 杨笠圆盾蚧Quadraspidiotus gigas(Thiem et Gerneck)
9.19.2 大管笠圆盾蚧Quadraspidiotus macroporanus Takagi
9.19.3 桦笠圆盾蚧Quadraspidiotus ostreaeformis(Curtis)
9.19.4 梨笠圆盾蚧Quadraspidiotus perniciosus(Comstock)
9.19.5 突笠圆盾蚧Quadraspidiotus slavonicus(Green)
9.20 晋盾蚧属Shansiaspis Tang
9.20.1 柽柳晋盾蚧Shansiaspis ovalis Chen
9.20.2 垂柳晋盾蚧Shansiaspis salicis Chen
9.20.3 中华晋盾蚧Shansiaspis sinensis Tang
9.21 尖盾蚧属Unaspis MacGillivray
9.21.1 卫矛尖盾蚧Unaspis euonymi(Comstock)
9.21.2 矢尖盾蚧Unaspis yanonensis(Kuwana)
宁夏蚧虫天敌种类记述
1 膜翅目Hymenoptera
1.1 跳小蜂科Encyrtidae
1.1.1 粉蚧长索跳小蜂Anagyrus dactylopis(Howard)
1.1.2 寡节长缨跳小蜂Anthemus aspidioti Nikol'skaga
1.1.3 球蚧蓝绿跳小蜂Blastothrix sericea(Dalm.)
1.1.4 长缘刷盾跳小蜂Cheiloneurus claviger Thomoson
1.1.5 刷盾短喙跳小蜂Encyrtus sasakii Ishii
1.1.6 刷盾跳小蜂Eucomys scutellata(Swed.)
1.1.7 棉蚧阔柄跳小蜂Metaphycus pulvinariae(Howard)
1.1.8 球蚧花翅跳小蜂Microterys clauseni Compere
1.1.9 粉蚧短角跳小蜂Pseudaphycus malinus Gahan
1.2 蚜小蜂科Aphelinidae
1.2.1 赖食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus lycimnia(Walker)
2 鞘翅目Coleoptera
2.1 瓢甲科Coccinellidae
2.1.1 二星瓢虫Adalia bipunctata(Linnaeus)
2.1.2 红点唇瓢虫Chilocorus kuwanae Silvestri
2.1.3 黑缘红瓢虫Chilocorus rubidus Hope
2.1.4 异色瓢虫Leis axyridis(Pallas)
2.1.5 多星瓢虫Oenopia conglobata(Linnaeus)
2.1.6 龟纹瓢虫Propylaea japonica(Thunberg)
2.1.7 二星小瓢虫Scymnus bipunctatus Kugclam
2.2 方头甲科Cybocephalidae
2.2.1 日本方头甲Cybocephalus nipponicus Endrody-Younga
3 鳞翅目Lepidoptera
3.1 举肢蛾科Heliodinidae
3.1.1 北京举肢蛾Beijinga utila Yang
4 脉翅目Neuroptera
4.1 草蛉科Chrysopidae
4.1.1 丽草蛉Chrysopa formosa Brauer
4.1.2 多斑草蛉Chrysopa intima Maclachlan
4.1.3 叶色草蛉Chrysopa phyllochroma Wesmael
4.1.4 大草蛉Chrysopa septempunctata Wasmaei
4.1.5 中华草蛉Chrysopa sinica Tjeder
4.2 褐蛉科Hemerobiidae
4.2.1 全北褐蛉Hemerobius humuli Linnaeus
4.2.2 薄叶脉线蛉Neuronema laminata Tjeder
5 半翅目Hemiptera
5.1 花蝽科Anthocoridae
5.1.1 多毛原花蝽Anthocoris pilosus(Jakovlev)
5.1.2 微小花蝽Orius minutes(Linnaeus)
6 缨翅目Thysanoptera
6.1 纹蓟马科Aeolothripidae
6.1.1 间纹蓟马Aeolothrips intermedius Bagall
参考文献
English abstract
蚧虫中文名称索引
蚧虫拉丁文名称索引
蚧虫寄主中英文对照
图版