Abbreviations Preface Section A-Introduction A1 Introduction Section B-Structure B1 The plant cell B2 The cell wall B3 Plastids and mitochondria B4 Membranes B5 Nucleus and genome B6 Cell division Section C-Vegetative anatomy C1 Meristems and primary tissues C2 Roots C3 Herbaceous stems and primary growth C4 Woody stems and secondary growth C5 Leaves Section D-Reproductive anatomy D1 The flower D2 Pollen and ovules D3 The seed D4 Fruits Section E-Phtsiology and regulation E1 Arabidopsis and other model plants E2 Methods in experimental plant science Section F-Growth and development F1 Features of growth and development F2 Biochemistry of growth regulation F3 Molecular action of hormones and intracellular messengers Section G-Sensing and responding to the environment G1 Phytochrome,photoperiodism and photomorphogenesis G2 Tropisms G3 Nastic responses G4 Abacission G5 Stress avoidance and adaptation Section H-Floral development and reproductive physiology H1 Physiology of floral initiation and development H2 Breeding systems H3 Self incompatibility H4 Seed development,dormancy and germination Section I-Plants,water and mineral nutrition I1 Plants and water I2 Water retention and stomata I3 Movement of nutrient ions across membranes I4 Uptake of mineral nutrients by plants I5 Functions of mineral nutrients Section J-Metabolism J1 Photosynthetic pigments and the nature of light J2 Major reactions of photosynthesis J3 C3 and C4 plants and CAM J4 Reapiration and carbohydrate metabolism J5 Amino acid,lipid,polysaccharide and secondary product metabolism Section K-Plant communities and populations K1 Physical factors and plant distribution K2 Plant communtities K3 Ecology of different growth forms K4 Populations K5 Contributions to carbon balance and atmospher Section L-Reproductive ecology L1 Ecology of flowering and pollination L2 Seed ecology L3 Regeneration and establishment L4 Polymorphisms and population genetics Section M-Interactions between plants and other organisms M1 Mycorrhiza M2 Nitrogen fixation M3 Interactions between plants and animals M4 Fungal pathogens and endophytes M5 Bacteria,mycoplasma,viruses and heterokonts M6 Parasites and saprophytes M7 Carnivorous plants Section N-Human uses of plants N1 Plants as food N2 Plants for construction N3 Plants in medicine N4 Plants for other uses N5 Bioremediation Section O-Plant genetic engineering and biotechnology O1 Plant breeding O2 Plant cell and tissue culture O3 Plant genetic engineering Section P-Plant diversity P1 Diversity and life cycles P2 The algae P3 The bryophytes P4 Reproduction in bryophytes Section Q-Spore-bearing vascular plants Q1 Early evolution of vascular plants Q2 Clubmosses and horsetails Q3 The ferns Q4 Evolution of the seed Section R-Seed plants R1 Early seed plants R2 Conifers R3 Cycads,gingko and Gnetales R4 Evolution of flowering plants R5 Mechanisms of evolution Further reading Index