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  中国至2050年...
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  中国至2050年...
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As one of the eighteen field-specific reports comprising the comprehensive scope of the strategic general report of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, this sub-report addresses long-range planning for developing science and technology in the field of marine science. They each craft a roadmap for their sphere of development to 2050. In their entirety, the general and sub-group reports analyze the evolution and laws governing the development of science and technology, describe the decisive impact of science and technology on the modernization process, predict that the world is on the eve of an impending S&T revolution, and call for China to be fully prepared for this new round of S&T advancement. Based on the detailed study of the demands on S&T innovation in China’s modernization, the reports draw a framework for eight basic and strategic systems of socio-economic development with the support of science and technology, work out China’s S&T roadmaps for the relevant eight basic and strategic systems in line with China’s reality, further detail S&T initiatives of strategic importance to China’s modernization, and provide S&T decision-makers with comprehensive consultations for the development of S&T innovation consistent with China’s reality. Supported by illustrations and tables of data, the reports provide researchers, government officials and entrepreneurs with guidance concerning research directions, the planning process, and investment.
Founded in 1949, the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the nation’s highest academic institution in natural sciences. Its major responsibilities are to conduct research in basic and technological sciences, to undertake nationwide integrated surveys on natural resources and ecological environment, to provide the country with scientific data and consultations for government’s decision-making, to undertake government-assigned projects with regard to key S&T problems in the process of socio-economic development, to initiate personnel training, and to promote China’s high-tech enterprises through its active engagement in these areas.

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• Abstract
  Introduction
  1 Major Demands of National Development on Marine Science & Technology
  1.1 Needs from Sustained Economic Development in Marine Science and Technology
  1.2 Social Development Demand on Marine Science and Technology
  1.3 Needs in Marine Science and Technology from National Maritime Rights and Interests
  1.4 Needs in the Marine Science and Technology from Development of Science and Technology
  2 The International Forefront and Trends of Development in Marine Science & Technology
  2.1 The National Marine Development Strategies of World's Major Countries
  2.2 Major International Marine Scientific Research Plans
  2.3 The International Trends of Development in Marine Science and Technology
  3 Status and Opportunities of Chinese Marine Science & Technology Development
  3.1 Status of Development of Marine Science and Technology Research in China
  3.2 Major National Sea-related Scientific Research Projects
  3.3 Opportunities and Challenges in the Development of Chinese Marine Science and Technology
  4 Major Scientific Problems and Technologies in Key Research Areas
  4.1 Major Scientific Problems and Technologies in Marine Environment Areas
  4.2 Major Scientific Problems and Technologies in Marine Ecology
  4.3 Key Science and Technology Issues in Marine Biological Areas
  4.4 Key Scientific Problems and Techniques of the Marine Oil and Gas and Mineral Resources
  4.5 Key Scientific and Technical Problems in Sustainable Development of Coastal Areas
  4.6 Development and Utilization of Other Marine Resources
  5 The Roadmap of Development in Chinese Marine Science & Technology to 2050
  5.1 Constitution of the Roadmap of Development in Chinese Marine Science and Technology to 2050
  5.2 The Goals of Chinese Marine Science and Technology Development to 2050
  5.3 Depicting the Development Roadmap of Chinese Marine Science and Technology to 2050
  5.4 The Roadmap of Development in Marine Environment Security
  5.5 The Development Roadmap in the Field of Marine Ecosystems Security
  5.6 The Technology Development Roadmap of Marine Bio-resources
  5.7 The Technological Development Roadmap of Marine Energy Sources and Mineral Resources
  5.8 The Development Roadmap in Comprehensive Utilization of Seawater Resources
  6 Protection Measures and Countermeasures
  References
  Epilogue