目录 前言 第一部分 序图 中国行政区划 2 中国卫星影像 4 中国地势 6 中国河流 8 中国土壤 10 中国水文地质 12 中国植被区划 14 中国气候区划 16 中国水文区划 18 第二部分 水体与水文循环 中国水系 22 中国湖泊 24 黑龙江区域水系 26 辽河区域水系 28 海河区域水系 30 黄河流域水系 32 淮河区域水系 34 长江流域水系 36 浙闽台诸河区域水系 38 珠江区域水系 40 西南西北外流诸河区域水系 42 内流诸河区域水系 44 中国沼泽及重要湿地 46 中国冰川 48 长江中下游主要河道变迁 50 长江中下游主要湖泊变迁 52 黄河下游河道变迁 54 黄河河口近代变迁 55 淮河水系、湖泊历史演变 56 中国水文测站 58 中国水土保持观测场站 60 中国大气水汽含量 62 中国年降水量 64 中国年降水量变差系数 66 中国最大连续4个月降水量占年降水量百分数 68 中国雨量代表站月降水量特征 70 中国年水面蒸发量 72 中国年径流深 74 中国主要河流代表站年径流量和输沙量过程线 76 中国主要河流代表站月径流量和输沙量特征 78 中国主要河流代表站年输沙量 80 中国地表水矿化度 82 中国地表水总硬度 83 中国地下水矿化度 84 中国地下水总硬度 85 第三部分 暴雨、洪水与干旱 中国极值暴雨及其天气系统（一） 88 中国极值暴雨及其天气系统（二） 90 中国极值暴雨及其天气系统（三） 92 登陆或影响中国的热带气旋主要路径及频次 94 登陆或影响中国的热带气旋特征 95 中国最大24小时点雨量 96 中国最大60分钟点雨量 97 中国不同历时最大点雨量与国外比较 98 中国年最大24小时点雨量均值 100 中国年最大60分钟点雨量均值 101 中国年最大24小时点雨量变差系数 102 中国年最大60分钟点雨量变差系数 103 中国年最大24小时百年一遇点雨量 104 中国年最大60分钟百年一遇点雨量 105 中国典型大暴雨（一） 106 中国典型大暴雨（二） 108 中国典型大暴雨（二） 110 中国典型大暴雨（四） 112 中国典型大暴雨（五） 114 中国典型大暴雨（六） 115 中国年暴雨日数均值 116 中国洪水类型 118 中国主要河流代表站年最大洪峰流量月频次 120 国内外最大洪峰流量与集水面积关系 122 中国主要河流代表站最大洪峰流量 124 中国中小河流最大洪峰模数 126 中国主要河流代表站典型年洪水过程线（一） 128 中国主要河流代表站典型年洪水过程线（二） 130 中国主要河流代表站典型洪水过程时段洪量 132 中国冰凌洪水 134 中国山洪灾害易发区 136 中国年无降水日数 138 中国年无有效降水日数 139 中国4～9月连续最长无降水日数 140 中国4～9月连续最长无有效降水日数 141 中国典型干旱年受旱率分布 142 中国农业干旱易旱季节 144 中国农业易旱县旱灾等级及频次 146 中国1850～1949年干旱程度和频次 148 第四部分 水资源 中国水资源分区 152 中国水资源量 154 中国地表水资源分省出入水量 156 中国地下水资源量模数 158 中国降水入渗补给量模数 159 中国人均、亩均水资源量 160 中国分省供水量及其构成 162 中国水功能区一级区划 164 相地表 166 中国地下水超采区 168 中国水力资源开发利用 170 中国主要内河航道（一） 172 中国主要内河航道（二） 174 中国特有及濒危珍稀水生动物（一） 175 中国特有及濒危珍稀水生动物（二） 176 第五部分 水工程 中国主要防洪（潮）区 180 黑龙江区域防洪工程及防洪区 182 辽河区域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 184 海河区域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 186 黄河流域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 188 淮河区域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 190 长江流域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 192 浙闽台诸河区域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 196 珠江区域防洪（潮）工程及防洪区 198 中国重要水源地及南水北调工程 200 中国大型水库 202 中国大型灌区 204 中国土壤侵蚀强度 206 中国水土保持综合防治分区 207 中国古代水利工程 208 编制说明 210 主要参考文献 220 Table of Contents Preface Part 1 Preliminaries China's Administrative Regions 2 Satellite Imagery of China 4 Topography of China 6 Rivers of China 8 Soil Types of China 10 Hydrogeology of China 12 Vegetation Zoning of China 14 Climatic Zoning of China 16 Hydrological Zoning of China 18 Part 2 Water Bodies and Hydrological Cycle River System of China 22 Lakes of China 24 The Region of the Heilongjiang Rivers 26 The Region of the Liaohe Rivers 28 The Region of the Haihe Rivers 30 The Basin of the Huanghe River 32 The Region of the Huaihe Rivers 34 The Basin of the Changjiang River 36 The Region of the Zhejiang-Fujian-Taiwan Rivers 38 The Region of the Zhujiang Rivers 40 The Exorheic Region of the Southwest and Northwest Rivers 42 The Endorheic Region of the Rivers 44 Key Swamps and Wetlands of China 46 Glaciers of China 48 Evolvement of River Networks in the Lower Changjiang Basin 50 Evolvement of Lakes in the Lower and Middle Changjiang Basin 52 Evolvement of River Networks in Lower Huanghe Basin 54 Evolvement of the Huanghe River Estuary 55 Evolvement of the River and Lake Networks in the Huaihe Region 56 Hydrological Gauging Stations of China 58 Monitoring Stations of China for Water and Soil Conservation 60 Atmospheric Water Vapor over China 62 Annual Precipitation in China 64 The Coefficient of Variation (Cv) of Annual Precipitation in China 66 Percentage of Maximum Consecutive 4-month Precipitation in Average Annual Precipitation of China 68 Monthly Precipitation Characteristics at Representative Gauging Stations of China 70 Annual Evaporation of China 72 Annual Runoff of China 74 Hydrograph of Annual Run-off and Sedimentation at Representative Gauging Stations of China 76 Monthly Run-off and Sedimentation at Representative Gauging Stations of China 78 Annual Sedimentation at Representative Gauging Stations of China 80 Mineralization of Surface Water in China 82 Hardness of Surface Water in China 83 Mineralization of Groundwater in China 84 Hardness of Groundwater in China 85 Part 3 Rainstorms，Floods and Droughts Extreme Rainfalls and Impacted Meteorological Drivers in China (1) 88 Extreme Rainfalls and Impacted Meteorological Drivers in China (2) 90 Extreme Rainfalls and Impacted Meteorological Drivers in China (3) 92 Tracks and Frequencies of Impacted Tropical Cyclones Landing in or Influencing China 94 Features of Tropical Cyclones Landing in or Influencing China 95 24-hour Maximum Point Precipitation of China 96 60-minute Maximum Point Precipitation of China 97 Comparison between Maximum Point Precipitations of China and Foreign Countries at Different Durations 98 Average Contours of Annual Maximum 24-hour Point Precipitation in China 100 Average Contours of Annual Maximum 60-minute Point Precipitation in China 101 Coefficient of Variation for Annual Maximum 24-hour Point Precipitation in China 102 Coefficient of Variation for Annual Maximum 60-minute Point Precipitation in China 103 Annual Maximum 100-year 24-hour Point Precipitation in China 104 Annual Maximum 100-year 60-minute Point Precipitation in China 105 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (1) 106 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (2) 108 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (3) 110 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (4) 112 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (5) 114 Typical Rainstorm Events in China (6) 115 Mean Annual Days of Rainstorm in China 116 Flood Types in China 118 Monthly Frequency of Maximum Flood Discharge at Representative Gauging Stations on Major Rivers of China 120 Comparison of Maximum Flood Discharge vs Catchment Area between China and Foreign Countries 122 Maximum Flood Discharge at Representative Gauging Stations on Major Rivers of China 124 Modulus of Maximum Flood Discharge for Small or Medium Rivers in China 126 Representative Yearly Hydrographs of Key Gauging Stations on Major Rivers in China (1) 128 Representative Yearly Hydrographs of Key Gauging Stations on Major Rivers in China (2) 130 Representative Flood Volume at Key Gauging Stations on Major Rivers in China 132 Ice Jam Floods in China 134 Flash Flood Prone Regions of China 136 Annual Dry Days (< 0.1 mm) in China 138 Annual Days with Noneffective Precipitation in China 139 The Longest Consecutive Dry Days (< 0.01 mm) in the April to September Period in China 140 The Longest Consecutive Days of Noneffective Precipitation in the April to September Period in China 141 Drought Areas in a Typical Dry Year of China 142 Drought Prone Seasons for Agriculture in China 144 Prone Agriculture Drought Counties and Occurrence Frequencies in China 146 Drought Extent and Frequency in China between 1850 and 1949 148 Part 4 Water Resources Water Resources Zoning of China 152 Water Resources of China 154 Exchange of Surface Water Resources between Provinces of China 156 Groundwater Resources Modulus of China 158 Modulus of Groundwater Replenishment by Precipitation Infiltration in China 159 Water Availability per Capita and per Mu in China 160 Provincial Water Supply and Composition in China 162 Top Level Zoning of Water Functions in China 164 Surface Water Zoning by Water Quality in China 166 Groundwater Over-exploited Areas in China 168 Exploitation and Development of Water-power Resources in China 170 Major Inland Navigation Routes of China ( I ) 172 Major Inland Navigation Routes of China ( II ) 174 Unique, Endangered or Rare Aquatic Animal Species in China ( I) 175 Unique, Endangered or Rare Aquatic Animal Species in China (II) 176 Part 5 Water Engineering Projects Major Flood (Tide) Retention Areas of China 180 Flood Defence and Retention Projects in the Region of the Heilongjiang Rivers 182 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Region of the Liaohe Rivers 184 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Region of the Haihe Rivers 186 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Basin of the Huanghe River 188 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Region of the Huaihe Rivers 190 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Basin of the Changjiang River 192 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Region of the Zhej iang-Fuj ian-Taiwan Rivers 196 Flood Defence and Retention Projects at the Region of the Zhujiang Rivers 198 China’s Key Water Sources and the South-to-North Water Diversion 200 Large Reservoirs of China 202 Large Irrigated Areas of China 204 Soil Erosion of China 206 Soil and Water Conservation Zoning of China 207 Ancient Water Infrastructures of China 208 Compilation Introdution 210 Main References 220
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