Introduction——A Retrospection and Foresight of Historical Climatological Research in China Zhang Jiacheng Chapter 1 The Method for Reconstruction of the Historical Climate Series §1.The Reconstruction of Climate in Historical Times for a Small Area Tang Zhongxin §2.The Method for Reconstruction of the Dryness/Wetness Series in China for the Last 500 Years and It's Reliability Zhang De'er §3.The Method for Reconstruction of the Winter Temperature Series in China for the Last 500 Years and It's Reliability Zhang De'er Chapter 2 Principal Characteristics of the Climate in the Last 500 Years for China §1.Droughts and Floods in China During the Recent 500 Years Zhang Jiacheng,Zhang Xiangong and Xu Xiejiang §2.General Features. Cheng Chengyu Chapter 3 Drought and Flood Fluctuation and Its Relation with General Atmospheric Circulation §1.Wetness Variation in China over the Last 500 Years Wang Shaowu,Zhao Zongci and Huang Jiayou §2.Climate Variation in China and Atmospheric Circulation Wang Shaowu and Zhao Zongci Chapter 4 Climatic Changes of Some Regions in China §1.Analysis of the Dryness/Wetness Grade Series in the Recent 500-year Period in Baoding Prefecture Tang Zhongxin §2.The Climatic Change in Tumo Plain,Nei Mongol(Inner Mongolia) Chen Guangming §3.The Climatic Change in the Tibetan Plateau Wu Xiangding and Lin Zhenyao §4.Characteristics of Dryness/Wetness Variation in the Rainy Season in Shanghai Wu Daming and Jiang Delong Chapter 5 The Impacts of Climatic Change in Historical Times for Some Regions §1.Climatic Change and Its Effect on Food Production During the Period 1400—1949 in Guangdong Province Zheng Sizhong §2.Climatic Change and the Distribution of Agriculture in Jiangxi Province Li Yisu §3.The Migration of Living Creatures and Ice Formations over the Changjiang River,and the Climatic Changes in Hubei Province During the Historical Period Qiao Chengxi