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目录
CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 STRUCTURES & FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS 1 1 AMINO ACIDS & PEPTIDES 1 2 PROTEINS: PRIMARY STRUCTURE 8 3 PROTEINS: HIGHER ORDERS OF STRUCTURE 14 4 PROTEINS: MYOGLOBIN & HEMOGLOBIN 24 CHAPTER 2 STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS 33 1 CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS 33 2 DNA CARRIES THE GENETIC INFORMATION 37 3 CHEMICAL NATURE OF RNA DIFFERS FROM THAT OF DNA 39 4 ESSENCIAL PROPERTIES OF NUCLEIC ACIDS 45 5 BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS 46 CHAPTER 3 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF ENZYME 51 1 GENERAL PROPERTIES OF ENZYME 51 2 MECHANISM OF ACTION OF ENZYMES AND COENZYMES 55 3 KINETICS OF ENZYMATIC REACTIONS 62 4 REGULATION OF ENZYME ACTIVITIES 69 CHAPTER 4 METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES 77 1 CARBOHYDRATES & ITS DIGESTION/ABSORPTION 77 2 GLYCOLYSIS 78 3 AEROBIC OXIDATION OF GLUCOSE 84 4 PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY & OTHER PATHWAYS OF HEXOSE METABOLISM 93 5 METABOLISM OF GLYCOGEN 103 6 GLUCONEOGENESIS & THE CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE 111 CHAPTER 5 METABOLISM OF LIPIDS 121 1 LIPIDS OF PHYSIOLOGIC SIGNIFICANCE 121 2 OXIDATION OF FATTY ACIDS 128 3 BIOSYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACIDS 137 4 METABOLISM OF TRIGLYCERIDES 144 5 METABOLISM OF CHOLESTEROL 146 6 METABOLISM OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS 150 7 LIPID TRANSPORT & STORAGE 152 CHAPTER 6 BIOENERGETICS 163 1 BIOENERGETICS: THE ROLE OF ATP 163 2 BIOLOGIC OXIDATION 168 3 THE MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATORY CHAIN & OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION 172 CHAPTER 7 METABOLISM OF AMINO ACID 184 1 THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE, DIGESTION & ABSORPTION OF PROTEIN 184 2 CATABOLISM OF PROTEINS & AMINO ACIDS 186 3 CATABOLISM OF THE CARBON SKELETONS OF AMINO ACIDS 195 4 CONVERSION OF AMINO ACIDS TO SPECILIZED PRODUCTS 210 CHAPTER 8 METABOLISM OF PURINE & PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES 219 1 BIOSYNTHESIS OF PURINE NUCLEOTIDES 219 2 DEGRADATION OF PURINE NUCLEOTIDES 223 3 BIOSYNTHESIS OF PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDES 224 4 CATABOLISM OF PYRIMIDINES PRODUCES WATER-SOLUBLE METABOLITES 226 CHAPTER 9 DNA REPLICATION & REPAIR 228 1 DNA REPLICATION 228 2 DNA REPAIR 238 CHAPTER 10 RNA SYNTHESIS, PROCESSING & MODIFICATION 242 1 RNA SYNTHESIS 242 2 RNA PROCESSING & MODIFICATION 252 CHAPTER 11 REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION 259 BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE 259 1 OUTLINE OF GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION 259 2 GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION IN PROKARYOTIC 267 3 GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION IN EUKARYOTES 274 CHAPTER 12 PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS 282 BIOMEDICAL IMPORTANCE 282 1 SYSTEM OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 282 2 PROTEIN SYNTHESIS CAN BE DESCRIBED IN THREE PHASES: INITIATION, ELONGA TION & TERMINATION 285 3 BIOMEDICINE SIGNIFICANCY OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS 292 4 INTRACELLULAR TRAFFIC & SORTING OF PROTEINS 297 5 PROTEIN FOLDING AND DEGRA- DATION AS WELL AS ASSAMBLY OF MEMBRANCE 307 CHAPTER 13 ESSENCIAL TECHNIQUES FOR MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 317 1 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY INVOLVES ISOLATION AND MANIPULATION OF DNA 317 2 PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS OF RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY ARE NUMEROUS 328 CHAPTER 14 BIOCHEMISTRY OF EXTRACELLULAR & INTRACELLULAR COMMUNI-CATION 336 1 MEMBRANES: STRUCTURE & FUNCTION 336 2 THE DIVERSITY OF THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM 356 3 HORMONE ACTION & SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION 359 CHAPTER 15 NUTRIENTS: VITAMINS & MINERALS 377 1 LIPID-SOLUBLE VITAMINS 377 2 WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS 384 CHAPTER 16 FREE RADICALS AND ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS 394 1 FREE RADICALS 394 2 ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS 396 CHAPTER 17 GLYCOPROTEINS 399 1 OVERVIEW OF GLYCOPROTEIN 399 2 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF GLYCAN IN GLYCOPROTEIN 403 CHAPTER 18 THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX 421 1 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF COLLAGEN & ELASTIN 421 2 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF FIBRONECTIN & LAMIN 426 3 STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS & PROTEOGLYCANS 428 4 BONE AND CARTILAGE 435 CHAPTER 19 PLASMA PROTEINS & IMMUNOGLOBULINS 442 1 THE FUNCTIONS OF THE MAJOR PLASMA PROTEINS 442 2 PLASMA PROTEINS INVOLVED IN MAINTAINING IRON HOMEOSTASIS 447 3 PLASMA IMMUNOGLOBULINS 459 CHAPTER 20 METABOLISM OF XENOBIOTICS 466 1 INTRODUCTION 466 2 BIOTRANSFORMATION 466 CHAPTER 21 CANCER: AN OVERVIEW 471 1 INTRODUCTION 471 2 ONCOGENES, TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES AND GROWTH FACTORS 472 3 THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF TUMORIGENESIS 476 CHINESE-ENGLISH GLOSSARY 486
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