序 田贵森 Acknowledgements 摘要 Abstract List of Abbreviations Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Working definitions of gender and compliment 1.2.1 Gender 1.2.2 Complinent 1.3 Scope of the research 1.4 Organization of the dissertation Chapter Two Literature Review and Criticism 2.1 Literature review of research on compliments 2.1.1 Literature review of research on compliments abroad 2.1.2 Literature in Chinese 2.1.3 Summary 2.2 Literature review of language and gender research 2.2.1 Literature review of language and gender research abroad 2.2.1.1 The folk linguistic stage 2.2.1.2 The anthropological stage 2.2.1.3 The early sociolinguistic stage 2.2.1.4 Gender differences in language use 2.2.2 Literature review of language and gender research at home 2.2.3 Summary Chapter Three Research Description 3.1 The general analytical framework for language and gender 3.1.1 Covariation between gender and socio-cultural context 3.1.2 Covariation between gender and situational context 3.1.3 Summary 3.2 The concrete situational approach to gender in Chinese compliments 3.2.1 Gender group 3.2.2 Setting 3.2.3 Participants 3.3 Research questions 3.4 Research methodology 3.5 Research procedure 3.6 Data codification 3.6.1 The coding scheme for analyzing compliment strategies 3.6.2 The coding scheme for analyzing compliment responses 3.6.3 The coding scheme for analyzing compliment topics 3.6.4 The coding scheme for analyzing compliment functions 3.6.5 The coding scheme for analyzing compliment effects 3.6.6 The coding scheme for analyzing semantic carrirs and turns-taking Chapter Four Investigating Compliments on the Campus 4.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups and participant relationships 4.1.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups 4.1.2 Compliment distribution on participant relationships 4.1.3 The distribution of gender groups on participant relationships 4.1.4 The distribution of participant relationships on gender groups 4.1.5 The distribution of compliment topics 4.1.6 The distribution of compliment strategies 4.1.7 The distribution of compliment responses 4.1.8 The distribution of compliment functions 4.1.9 The distribution of compliment effects 4.1.10 The distribution of semantic carriers 4.2 Further comparative cases 4.3 Summary 4.3.1 The general distribution of compliments 4.3.2 Further comparative cases Chapter Five Investigating Compliments in the Village 5.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups and participant relationships 5.1.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups 5.1.2 Compliment distribution on participant relationships 5.1.3 The distribution of gender groups on participant relationships 5.1.4 The distribution of participant relationships on gender groups 5.1.5 The distribution of compliment topics 5.1.6 The distribution of compliment strategies 5.1.7 The distribution of compliment responses 5.1.8 The distribution of compliment functions 5.1.9 The distribution of compliment effects 5.1.10 The distribution of semantic carriers 5.2 Further comparative cases 5.3 Summary 5.3.1 The general distribution of compliments 5.3.2 Futher comparative cases Chapter Six Investigating Compliments in the Working-class Community 6.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups and participant relationships 6.1.1 Compliment distribution on gender groups 6.1.2 Compliment distribution on participant relationships 6.1.3 The distribution of gender groups on participant relationships 6.1.4 The distribution of participant relationships on gender groups 6.1.5 The distribution of compliment topics 6.1.6 The distribution of compliment strategies on gender group 6.1.7 The distribution of compliment responses 6.1.8 The distribution of compliment functions on gender groups 6.1.9 The distribution of compliment effects on gender groups 6.1.10 The distribution of semantic carriers 6.2 Further comparative cases 6.3 Summary 6.3.1 The general distribution of compliment 6.3.2 Further comparative cases Chapter Seven Gender Differences: Illustrations and Interpretations 7.1 Gender differences in compliment frequency 7.2 Gender differences in compliment topics 7.3 Gender differences in compliment strategies 7.4 Gender differences in compliment responses 7.5 Gender differences in compliment functions 7.6 Gender differences in compliment effects 7.7 Gender differences in semantic carriers Chapter Eight Gender Similarities: Illustrations and Interpretations 8.1 Gender similarities in mixed-gender groups 8.2 Gender similarities and topics 8.3 Gender similarities and participant relationships 8.4 Gender similarities and setting Chapter Nine Gender Interaction: Its Sociopragmatic Functions 9.1 Femininity and masculinity in the campus community 9.1.1 Femininity on the campus: being warm and enthusiastic 9.1.2 Femininity on the campus: being tender and fashionable 9.1.3 Masculinity on the campus: being plain and reserved 9.1.4 Masculinity on the campus: being forceful and tough 9.2 Femininity and masculinity in the village community 9.2.1 Femininity in the village: being indirect, considerate and appreciative 9.2.2 Femininity in the village: being sincerely practical(Ability-oriented) 9.2.3 Masculinity in the village: being sincerely practical(Ability-oriented and Possession-oriented) and indirect 9.3 Femininity and masculinity in the working-class community 9.3.1 Femininity in the working-class community: being indirect,warm and considerate 9.3.2 Masculinity in the working-class community: being tough, just and humorous Chapter Ten Conclusion 10.1 Summary of the research 10.2 An illustrative model for language and gender 10.2.1 Gender and macro socio-cultural context 10.2.2 Gender and micro situational context 10.2.3 Gender similarities 10.2.4 Gender and its sociopragmatic functions 10.2.5 Gender and creativity 10.3 Implications 10.3.1 Language and gender in theory 10.3.2 Language and gender in practice 10.3.3 Language and gender in research methodology 10.4 Limitations and directions for future research References Appendices 1. A questionnaire for language and gender 2. An observation sheet used in data collection 3. The coding scheme for the variables in this research 4. Some photos taken in the three communities 中文题要
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