Preface 1 Biochemistry and Medicine Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 2 Biomolecules and Biochemical Methods 3 Water and pH Robert K Murray, MD, PhD Victor W Rodwell, PhD SECTION 1 STRUCTURES & FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS & ENZYMES 4 Amino Acids Victor W Rodwell, PhD 5 Peptides Victor W Rodwell, PhD 6 Proteins: Structure and Function Victor W Rodwell, PhD 7 Proteins: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin Victor W Ftodwell, PhD 8 Enzymes: General Properties Victor W Flodwell, PhD, and Peter J Kennelly, PhD 9 Enzymes: Kinetics 10 Enzymes: Mechanisms of Action 11 Enzymes: Regulation of Activities Victor W Rodwell;PhD, and Peter J Kennetly, PhD Victor W Flodwell, PhD, and Peter J Kennelly, PhD Victor W Rodwell, PhD, and Peter J Kennelly, PhD SECTION U BIOENERGETICS & THE METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATES & LIPIDS 12 Bioenergetics: The Role of ATP 13 Biologic Oxidation Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 14 The Respiratory Chain and OxidativePhosphorylation 15 Carbohydrates of Physiologic Significance 16 Lipids of Physiologic Significance 17 Overview of Intermediary Metabolism 18 The Citric Acid Cycle: The Catabolism of Acetyl-CoA 19 Glycolysis and the Oxidation of Pyruvate 20 Metabolism of Glycogen 21 Gluconeogenesis and Control of the Blood Glucose Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 22 The Pentose Phosphate Pathway and Other Pathways of Hexose Metabolism Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 23 Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 24 Oxidation of Fatty Acids: Ketogenesis 25 Metabolism of Unsaturated Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids 26 Metabolism of Acyiglycerols and Sphingolipids 27 Lipid Transport and Storage , 28 Cholesterol Synthesis, Transport, and Excretion Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 29 Integration of Metabolism and the Provision of Tissue Fuels Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc SECTION III METABOLISM OF PROTEINS & AMINO ACIDS 30 Biosynthesis of the Nutritionally Nonessential Amino Acids Victor W Rodwell, PhD 31 Catabolism of Proteins and of Amino Acid Nitrogen 32 Catabolism of the Carbon Skeletons of Amino Acids Victor W Rodwell, PhD Victor W Rodwell, PhD33 Conversion of Amino Acids to Specialized Products 34 Porphyrins and Bile Pigments SECTION IV STRUCTURE, FUNCTION, & REPLICATION OF INFORMATIONAL MACROMOLECULES 35 Nucleotides 36 Metabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides 37 Nucleic Acid Structure and Function 38 DNA Organization, Replication, and Repair 39 RNA Synthesis, Processing, and Modification 40 Protein Synthesis and the Genetic Code 41 Regulation of Gene Expression 42 Recombinant DNA Technology SECTION V BIOCHEMISTRY OF EXTRACELLULAR & INTRACELLULAR COMMUNICATION Victor W Rodwell, PhD Robert K Murray, MD, PhD Victor W Rodwell, PhD Victor W Rodwel PhD Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD 43 Membranes: Structure, Assembly, and Function Robert K Murray, MD, PhD, and Daryl K Granner, MD 44 Hormone Action Daryl K Granner, MD 45 Pituitary and Hypothalamic Hormones 46 Thyroid Hormones Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K, Granner, MD 47 Hormones That Regulate Calcium Metabolism 48 Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex Daryl K Granner, MD Daryl K Granner, MD 49 Hormones of the Adrenal Medulla Daryl K Granner, MD viii / CONTENTS 50 Hormones of the Gonads Daryl K Granner, MD 51 Hormones of the Pancreas and Gastrointestinal Tract Daryl K Granner, MD SECTION VI SPECIAL TOPICS 52 Structure and Function of the Water-Soluble Vitamins 53 Structure and Function of the Lipid-Soluble Vitamins 54 Nutrition Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc 55 Digestion and Absorption 56 Glycoproteins Peter A Mayes, PhD, DSc Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 57 The Extracellular Matrix 58 Muscle and the Cytoskeleton Robert K Murray, MD, PhD, and Frederick W Keeley, PhD Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 59 Plasma Proteins, Immunoglobulins, and Blood Coagulation Margaret L Rand, PhD, and Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 60 Red and White Blood Cells 61 Metabolism of Xenobiotics Robert K Murray, MD, PhD Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 62 Cancer, Cancer Genes, and Growth Factors 63 Biochemical and Genetic Bases of Disease Robert K Murray, MD, PhD Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 64 The Biochemical Basis of Some Neuropsychiatric Disorders Robert K Murray, MD, PhD 65 Biochemical Case Histories Appendix Abbreviations index Robert K Murray, MD, PhD