第一部分 植物细胞遗传学的结构、变异和图谱 1.植物染色体的删除、插入和重排 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Deletions/Defi ciencies 1.3 Insertions/Duplications 1.4 Chromosomal Rearrangements 1.4.1 Inversions 1.4.2 Reciprocal Translocations 1.4.3 Maize B-A Chromosomes and Their Uses References 2.基因组的结构和染色体功能 2.1 Plant Chromosome Addition 2.2 Native Addition Lines 2.3 Alien Addition Line 2.4 Substitution Line 2.5 Deletion Line References 3.植物B型染色体:是什么使它们不同? 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Occurrence of B Chromosomes Among Angiosperms 3.3 What Does DNA Analysis Tell Us About the Origin of Bs? 3.4 Do the Chromatin Compositions of As and Bs Differ? 3.5 Segregation Behavior of B Chromosomes 3.6 Centromeres of B Chromosomes 3.7 Effects Associated with B Chromosomes and B Transcribed Sequences 3.8 Potential Uses of B Chromosomes References 4.植物的细胞遗传学图谱 4.1 Cytological Maps of Chromosome Features 4.1.1 Mapping of Visible Cytological Features 4.1.2 Use of Staining to Visualize Additional Cytological Features 4.2 Mapping of Chromosomal Rearrangements 4.2.1 Use of Irradiation to Produce Additional Chromosomal Rearrangements 4.2.2 Use of Gametocidal Genes to Produce Deletions for Mapping in Wheat 4.2.3 B-A Translocations in Maize Physical Mapping 4.3 Mapping by Electron Microscopy 4.3.1 Three-Dimensional Reconstructions of Chromosomes from Whole Nuclei 4.3.2 Mapping of Recombination Nodules on SC Spreads 4.4 In Situ Hybridization(ISH) 4.4.1 Radioactive In Situ Hybridization 4.4.2 Biotinylated Probes for In Situ Hybridization 4.4.3 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization 4.5 Types of DNA Probes 4.5.1 Genetically Mapped Probes 4.5.2 Large DNA Fragment Probes 4.5.3 Repetitive Sequences Probes 4.6 Target Chromosomes for Plant Cytogenetic Mapping 4.6.1 Mitotic Metaphase and Prometaphase 4.6.2 Meiotic Prophase 4.7 High-Resolution Mapping 4.7.1 Extended or Superstretched Chromosomes 4.7.2 Interphase:Extended DNA Fibers 4.8 Utility of Cytogenetic Maps References 5.DNA和染色质纤维为基础的植物细胞遗传学 5.1 Fiber-FISH Mapping of Repetitive DNA Sequences 5.2 Fiber-FISH Mapping of Large and Complex Genomic Loci 5.3 Fiber-FISH Mapping on Cloned and Organelle DNA Molecules 5.4 Optical Mapping of Extended DNA Molecules 5.5 Immunoassays on Extended Chromatin Fibers References 第二部分 植物细胞遗传学的功能、组织和动力学 6.植物着丝粒 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Maize Centromeres 6.3 Arabidopsis 6.4 Rice 6.5 Concluding Remarks References 7.植物端粒 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Plant Telomeric DNA 7.2.1 Telomere DNA Structure 7.2.2 Plant Telomere Repeat Variants 7.2.3 Subtelomeric Regions 7.3 The Shelterin Complex 7.3.1 Shelterin at Human Telomeres 7.3.2 Shelterin Components in Plants 7.3.3 Shelterin Components as Transcription Factors 7.4 Telomerase RNP in Plants 7.4.1 TERT 7.5 Telomere Dynamics 7.5.1 Introduction 7.5.2 Model of Telomere Length Homeostasis 7.6 Consequences of Telomere Dysfunction 7.7 Role of Telomeres in Chromosome Movement and Positioning 7.7.1 The Rabl Structure 7.7.2 Bouquet Formation During Meiosis 7.8 De Novo Telomere Formation 7.8.1 Telomere Formation from a Nontelomeric Substrate 7.8.2 Telomere Formation at Telomere Repeat Arrays 7.8.3 Application of DNTF for Chromosome Engineering References 8.植物减数分裂期染色体的遗传和细胞学行为 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Plant Life Cycle 8.3 Cytological Approaches Used to Study the Behavior of Plant Meiotic Chromosomes 8.3.1 Light Microscopy 8.3.2 Electron Microscopy 8.4 The Commitment to and Initiation of Meiosis 8.5 Meiotic Prophase I 8.5.1 Sister Chromatid Cohesion and Condensin 8.5.2 Cytology and Behavior of Leptotene Chromosomes 8.5.3 Meiotic Chromosome Loop Domains 8.5.4 Initiation of Meiotic Chromosome Pairing 8.5.5 The Leptotene-to-Zygotene Transition 8.5.6 The Telomere Bouquet Arrangement of Meiotic Chromosomes 8.5.7 The Mechanism of Bouquet Formation in Plants 8.5.8 Telomere Bouquet Proteins 8.5.9 Chromosome Synapsis and the Synaptonemal Complex in Plants 8.5.10 Early Recombination Pathway in Plants 8.5.11 Cytology of Early Recombination Nodules 8.5.12 Late Recombination Nodules and Crossover Interference in Plants 8.5.13 Recombination and Chiasma Distribution in Plants 8.5.14 Cytology and Behavior of Chromosomes in Middle and Late Meiotic Prophase 8.6 Bivalent-Spindle Interactions in Meiosis I 8.7 Meiosis II 8.8 Meiotic Centromeres 8.9 Meiotic Chromatin 8.10 Ploidy Level and Meiotic Challenges 8.11 Future Directions for Cytogenetics of Plant Meiosis References 9.表观遗传组蛋白标记在植物染色体上的分布和功能解释 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Histone Acetylation 9.3 Histone Phosphorylation 9.4 Histone Methylation 9.5 Interplay Between Histone Methylation and DNA Methylation in Arabidopsis 9.6 Summary and Outlook References 第三部分 植物细胞遗传学的方法、信息和指导教学 10.染色体的显微切割和显微分离DNA技术的应用 10.1 Chromosome Recognition and Microdissection Equipment 10.2 Handling and Amplifi cation of Microdissected Chromosomal DNA 10.3 Use of Microdissected Chromosomes 10.4 Materials and Methods 10.4.1 Materials 10.4.2 Equipment 10.4.3 Solutions 10.4.4 Procedures References 11.玉米抗体操作手册:免疫定位和染色质免疫共沉淀实验 11.1 Immunofl uorescence with Maize Male Meiotic Cells 11.2 Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Procedures 11.2.1 Native Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 11.2.2 Crosslinked Chromatin Immunoprecipitation 11.3 Notes References 12.延伸DNA纤维的荧光原位杂交技术 12.1 Isolation of Plant Nuclei 12.2 Preparation of Extended DNA Fibers on Glass Slides 12.3 FISH and Signal Detection 12.4 Detection Procedure Using Three Layers of Antibodies 12.5 Notes 12.6 Most Frequently Asked Questions 13.荧光原位杂交和荧光原位PCR技术 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Chromosome Preparations 13.3 Probe Preparation 13.4 Chromosome Painting for Karyotype Analysis 13.5 Retroelement Genome Painting 13.6 Retroelement Distribution 13.7 Single-Gene,Transgene,and Transposon Detection 13.8 Bacterial Artifi cial Chromosomes as FISH Probes 13.9 Banding Paints 13.10 B Chromosomes 13.11 Endoreduplicated Endosperm Chromosomes 13.12 Pollen FISH 13.13 Minichromosomes 13.14 Meiosis 13.15 Primed In Situ Labeling of Plant Chromosomes References 14.植物细胞遗传学的基因组数据库 14.1 What Sorts of Chromosomal Maps Exist? 14.2 What Is a Cytogenetic Map? 14.3 In What Ways Are Cytogenetic Maps Useful? 14.4 Online Cytogenetic Resources 14.4.1 Individual Cytogenetic Projects 14.4.2 Maize:Integration of the Genetic Map and the Genetic Positions of Cytological Breakpoints in the Maize Genetics and Genomics Database in the“Genetic Map“ 14.4.3 Maize and Tomato:Recombination Nodule Maps Are Used to Infer Genetic Position from a Cytological Position and Vice Versa 14.4.4 Maize:Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization Cytogenetic Maps at MaizeGDB 14.4.5 Maize and Other Grasses:Comparing Cytogenetic and Genetic Maps at Gramene References 15.植物分子细胞遗传学的实验室实践练习 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Laboratory Exercises 15.2.1 Unknowns 15.2.2 Mitosis Labs 15.2.3 Meiosis 15.2.4 Chromosome Aberrations 15.2.5 Genomic In Situ Hybridization 15.2.6 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization 15.2.7 Polytene Chromosomes 15.2.8 Fiber-FISH 15.2.9 Human Chromosomes References 索引
京公网安备 11010102004214号