本书介绍了△∑模数及数模转换器的原理,引入了计算机辅助分析和设计技术。 由于Delta-Sigma数据转换的原理有着广泛的应用范围,不仅限于数据转换器,所以本书涉及面广,包括数字电话、数字音频、无线及有线通信、医疗电子等中的△∑转换器。作者强调实际操作而不是复杂的数学推导,通过一阶△∑调节器引出二阶及高阶调节器,同时讨论了实现方法,给出了设计实例。本书从基本概念开始,由浅入深地介绍了Delta-Sigma转换器,并结合实例帮助读者理解,因此适应各个层次的研究者,既适合于Delta-Sigma数据转换的初学者,同时适合高年级本科生和研究生。
样章试读
目录
- Foreword
References
CHAPTER 1 Introduction
1.1 The Need for Oversampling Converters
1.2 Delta and Delta-Sigma Modulation
1.3 Higher-Order Single-Stage Noise-Shaping Modulators
1.4 Multi-Stage (Cascade, MASH) Modulators
1.5 Bandpass △∑ Modulators
1.6 △∑ Modulators with Multi-Bit Quantizers
1.7 Delta-Sigma Digital-to-Analog Converters
1.8 History; Performance and Architecture Trends
CHAPTER 2 The First-Order Delta Sigma Modulator
2.1 Quantizers and Quantization Noise
2.2 MOD1 as an ADC
2.3 MOD1 as a DAC
2.4 MOD1 Linear Model
2.5 Simulation of MOD1
2.6 MOD1 under DC Excitation
2.7 Stability of MOD1
2.8 The Effects of Finite Op-Amp Gain
2.9 Decimation Filters for MOD1
2.10 Conclusions
CHAPTER 3 The Second-Order Delta-Sigma Modulator
3.1 The Second-Order Modulator: MOD2
3.2 Simulation of MOD2
3.3 Nonlinear Effects in MOD2
3.4 Alternative Second-Order Modulator Structures
3.5 Decimation Filtering for Second-Order △∑ Modulators
3.6 Conclusions
CHAPTER 4 Higher-Order Delta-Sigma Modulation
4.1 Hig, h-Order Single-Quantizer Modulators
4.2 Stability Consideratións in High-Order Modulators
4.3 Optimization of the NTF Zeros and Poles
4.4 Loop Filter Architectures
4.5 Multi-Stage Modulators
4.6 Conclusions
CHAPTER 5Ban@ass and Quadrature Delta-Sigma Modulation
5.1 The Need for Bandpass and Quadrature Modulation
5.2 Bandpass NTF Selection
5.3 Architectures for Bandpass Delta-Sigma Modulators
5.4 Bandpass Modulator Example
5.5 Quadrature Signals
5.6 Quadrature Modulation
5.7 Conclusions
CHAPTER 6Implementation Considerations For △∑ ADCs
6.1 Modulators with Multi-Bit Internal Quantizers
6.2 Dual-Quantizer Modulators
6.3 Dynamic Element Randomization
6.4 Mismatch Error Shaping
6.5 Digital Correction of DAC Nonlinearity
6.6 Continuous-Time Implementations
6.7 Conclusions
CHAPTER 7 Delta-Sigma DACs
7.1 System Architectures for △∑ DACs
7.2 Loop configurations for △∑ DACs
7.3 △∑ DACs Using Multi-Blt Internal DACs
7.4 Interpolation Filtering for △∑ DACs
7.5 Analog Post-Filters for △∑ DACs
7.6 Conclusions
CHAPTER 8 High-Level Design and Simulation
8.1 NTF Synthesis
8.2 NTF Simulation, SQNR Calculation and Spectral Estimation
8.3 NTF Realization and Dynamic Range Scaling
8.4 Creating a SPICE-Simulatable Schematic
8.5 Conclusions
CHAPTER 9 Example Modulator Systems
9.1 SCMOD2: General-Purpose Second-Order Switched-Capacitor ADC
9.2 SCMODS: A Fifth-Order Single-Bit Noise-Shaping Loop
9.4 A Micropower Continuous-Time ADC
9.5 A Continuous-Time Bandpass ADC
9.6 Audio DAC
9.7 Conclusions
APPENDIX A Spectral Estimation
A.1 Windowing
A.2 Scaling and Noise Bandwidth
A.3 Averaging
A.4 An Example
A.5 Mathematical Background
APPENDIX B The Delta-Sigma Toolbox
Demonstrations and Examples
Summary of Key Functions
Modulator Model Details
APPENDIX C Noise in Switched-Capacitor Delta-Sigma Data Converters
C.1 Noise Effects in CMOS Op Amps
C.2 Sampled Thermal Noise
C.3 Noise Effects in an SC Integrator
C.4 Integrator Noise Analysis Example
C.5 Noise Effects in Delta-Sigma ADC Loops