Contents Preface Chapter 1 Introduction of Receptor Model1 1.1 Basic Concepts and Characteristics of Receptor Model 2 1.1.1 Source known 3 1.1.2 Source unknown 3 1.1.3 The characteristics of receptor model 3 1.2 Classification of Receptor Models 5 1.3 The Development of Receptor Models 7 1.3.1 Initiating stage (1960s-1970s) 7 1.3.2 Developmental stage (1980s-1990s) 8 1.3.3 Recent development (2000s-2010s) 10 References 13 Chapter 2 The CMB Receptor Model 17 2.1 The History of CMB Receptor Model 17 2.2 The Principles of CMB Receptor Model 20 2.2.1 The algorithms of CMB receptor model 20 2.2.2 The diagnosis system for goodness of fit in the CMB model 23 2.3 New Problems Faced by the CMB Model 29 2.3.1 Collinearity problems 29 2.3.2 Problems of quantitative estimation for secondary organic carbon 32 2.4 New Development of CMB Model 33 2.4.1 Nested source apportionment technique 33 2.4.2 NCPCRCMB model 37 2.4.3 The CMB-iteration model 44 2.4.4 The MM-CMB model 45 2.4.5 The CMB-GC model 46 References47 Chapter 3 The Factor Analysis Model49 3.1 Introduction of the Factor Analysis Model 50 3.2 Principles of Factor Analysis Model 52 3.2.1 The PCA-MLR model 52 3.2.2 The PMF model 56 3.2.3 The UNMIX model 58 3.3 Problems Occurred during the Applications of Factor Analysis Model 59 3.4 The Development of Factor Analysis Model 59 3.4.1 The factor analysis-CMB combined model 59 3.4.2 The ME2 model 64 3.4.3 The pollution source identification model 64 References 66 Chapter 4 Applications of Receptor Model in China 68 4.1 Applications of the CMB Model in China 69 4.1.1 Studies of the CMB receptor model for source apportionment 70 4.1.2 Other applications of the CMB receptor model 75 4.2 The Development and Applications of Factor Analysis Model 76 4.2.1 The development and applications of PCA model in China 77 4.2.2 The applications of PMF model 79 4.2.3 The applications of the UNMIX model in China 80 4.3 The Applications of Combined Receptor Model in China 81 4.3.1 The applications of the PCA/MLR-CMB model 81 4.3.2 The applications of the NCPCRCMB model 82 4.4 Prospects 82 References 83 Chapter 5 Introduction of PCA/MLR-CMB 90 5.1 Input Files 90 5.2 Output Files 92 5.3 Running the Model 92 5.3.1 PCA stage 92 5.3.2 CMB stage 100 Chapter 6 Introduction of NCPCRCMB 110 6.1 Input Files 110 6.2 Output Files 111 6.3 Running the Model 111 Chapter 7 Introduction of CMB-Iteration 117 7.1 Input Files 117 7.2 Output Files 118 7.3 Running the Model 118