目录 第一篇 总论 第一章 总论(3) 第一节 缘起与研究意义(3) 一、缘起(3) 二、相关概念释义(8) 三、研究意义(17) 第二节 研究现状述评(19) 一、诉讼法制通论研究(19) 二、唐代诉讼专题研究(23) 三、唐代诉讼惯例研究(28) 四、唐代法律形式研究(30) 五、出土诉讼文书研究(35) 六、诉讼法律文化研究(39) 第三节 诉讼惯例之文化基础(41) 一、德本刑用(43) 二、一准乎礼(46) 三、得古今之平(50) 第四节 研究思路与创新之处(56) 一、研究思路(56) 二、创新之处(56) 第五节 主要研究方法(58) 一、史料考订法(58) 二、二重证据法(58) 三、文史互证法(59) 四、统计分析法(60) 第六节 主要研究资料(60) 一、正史编年类(61) 二、政书典制类(62) 三、律令诏敕类(62) 四、类书类(64) 五、诗文稗史类(64) 六、出土文献类(65) 第二篇 特殊主体与诉讼惯例 引言(69) 第二章 妇女(71) 第一节 代诉职能(72) 第二节 申诉职能(76) 第三节 参与诉讼(81) 一、刑事被告人(82) 二、被害人(84) 三、证人(86) 第四节 收孥女眷(89) 一、收孥历史渊源(89) 二、唐代没官制度(91) 三、收孥妇女放免(96) 第五节 配流安置(99) 一、配流(99) 二、安置(102) 本章小结(106) 第三章 奴仆(108) 第一节 贱口告主之立法演进(109) 第二节 私贱家人身份之解析(114) 第三节 私贱告主之罪名类型(118) 一、谋反(118) 二、谋叛(118) 三、间谍(119) 四、厌魅(119) 五、赃污(120) 六、谋杀(120) 七、其他(121) 第四节 贱口告主案件之处置(121) 一、贳主罚奴(122) 二、贳奴罚主(122) 三、杀奴罚主(123) 第五节 贱口告主现象之原因(124) 一、奴仆泄愤(124) 二、君主权谋(125) 三、朋党倾轧(126) 第六节 贱口告主立法之流变(126) 本章小结(129) 第四章 邻里(130) 第一节 邻伍相保制度(131) 第二节 邻伍救助义务(134) 第三节 邻伍举告义务(135) 第四节 邻人诉讼类型(140) 一、邻人举告(141) 二、邻人涉诉(143) 第五节 邻伍证明义务(144) 第六节 邻伍连带责任(146) 本章小结(151) 第三篇 告诉惯例研究 引言(155) 第五章 告诉原则(157) 第一节 强制告诉原则(157) 一、谋反大逆随近密告(157) 二、尊亲被害限期告发(158) 三、被害之家及邻伍告发(158) 第二节 限制告诉原则(159) 一、身份限制(159) 二、程序限制(162) 第三节 禁止告诉原则(163) 一、禁止囚徒告举他事(163) 二、禁止以赦前事告(164) 三、禁止越诉(165) 四、禁止诬告(166) 第四节 告诉才处理原则(167) 本章小结(168) 第六章 弹劾(169) 第一节 弹劾惯例之演进(169) 第二节 弹劾程序之变迁(172) 一、专奏御前(173) 二、豸冠朱衣(175) 三、对仗弹劾(176) 第三节 弹劾案件之处置(178) 一、羁押(179) 二、审判(179) 三、杂按(180) 四、处置(182) 本章小结(184) 附录(185) 第七章 诣台诉事(190) 第一节 御史台受理词讼权力的获得(190) 第二节 御史台受事推案制度的完善(193) 第三节 台使外赴地方推案制度述略(195) 第四节 唐御史台诉讼审级地位检讨(198) 本章小结(200) 第八章 举告(201) 第一节 举告诉因(203) 一、检举(203) 二、仇隙(204) 三、陷害(204) 第二节 举告程序(205) 一、告诉(205) 二、羁押(208) 三、审判(210) 第三节 举告赏格(211) 一、金融犯罪(214) 二、财税犯罪(217) 三、其他犯罪(218) 本章小结(220) 第九章 告密(222) 第一节 告密制度之流变(222) 第二节 告密案件之管辖(224) 第三节 告密方式之演进(228) 一、书状告密(228) 二、言词告密(230) 第四节 告密案件之审理(232) 一、羁押与刑讯(232) 二、鞫问与杂按(233) 第五节 告密规则之特征(235) 一、默许越级直诉(235) 二、受理奴婢告主(236) 三、特许逾制告密(236) 本章小结(237) 第十章 上诉(239) 第一节 逐级上诉(239) 第二节 临刑诉冤(245) 第三节 亲识代诉(253) 一、代诉案件管辖权诸司分掌(254) 二、代诉者实质拥有越诉特权(257) 三、代诉时效及终审尚无限制(261) 本章小结(263) 第四篇 审判惯例研究 第十一章 杂治(267) 第一节 杂治规则演进历程(267) 第二节 杂治三省地位变迁(270) 第三节 杂治与三司之关系(275) 第四节 杂治程序运行特点(280) 一、群臣杂治主导唐代会审(280) 二、御史台杂治地位优越(282) 三、中晚唐杂治地位渐衰(283) 本章小结(287) 第十二章 集议(288) 第一节 疑罪集议(289) 一、罪与非罪(290) 二、此罪与彼罪(291) 第二节 量刑集议(293) 一、死刑(293) 二、从坐(296) 三、赦宥(298) 四、八议(299) 第三节 礼法集议(302) 一、改谥(302) 二、禁婚(303) 三、私忌(304) 四、复仇(305) 第四节 造法集议(312) 一、政策议定(312) 二、律文疏解(313) 三、个案辩驳(314) 第五节 集议程序(315) 一、启动途径(315) 二、参议人员(317) 三、集议方式(320) 本章小结(324) 第十三章 复审(326) 第一节 复审程序之历史源流(326) 第二节 唐代复审程序之完善(329) 第三节 刑部复审之主导地位(332) 一、依律复审(334) 二、原情复审(335) 三、疑狱复审(337) 第四节 州司复审之监督职能(338) 第五节 遣使复审之再覆职能(342) 一、御史复审(342) 二、三司复审(343) 三、特使复审(344) 本章小结(346) 第十四章 昭雪(348) 第一节 昭雪之发展脉络(348) 第二节 昭雪之实际运行(355) 一、神龙昭雪(355) 二、运行程序(358) 三、冤案问责(365) 第三节 昭雪制度之异化(366) 本章小结(370) 第五篇 执行惯例研究 引言(375) 第十五章 笞刑(377) 第一节 笞罚施用范畴之界定(378) 第二节 中古笞刑地位之升降(382) 一、秦至汉初(382) 二、文景至魏初(383) 三、两晋至隋(384) 第三节 唐代笞刑之实施类型(385) 一、正刑(385) 二、附加刑(388) 三、行政处罚(390) 四、笞杀(391) 第四节 笞刑施用规则(392) 本章小结(396) 第十六章 加役流(398) 第一节 唐代加役流之确立(398) 第二节 本罪直接以加役流量刑(402) 一、依据特定行为方式直接量刑(403) 二、特定主体结合行为方式量刑(404) 第三节 比照他罪减死科加役流(407) 一、以阑入论,减死科加役流(407) 二、以斗杀伤论,减死科加役流(408) 三、以驿使稽程论,减死科加役流(411) 四、以枉法论,减死科加役流(411) 五、以乏军兴论,减死科加役流(413) 六、以窃盗论,减死科加役流(413) 七、以强盗论,减死科加役流(414) 八、以故入人罪论,减死科加役流(414) 第四节 加役流适用规则之变迁(416) 第五节 两宋加役流之变化(420) 一、加役流在经济犯罪领域之适用(421) 二、加役流在职务犯罪领域之适用(422) 本章小结(424) 第十七章 长流(426) 第一节 唐代长流之创制(427) 第二节 长流之放逐区域(434) 第三节 长流之施行程序(439) 一、除名(439) 二、决杖(440) 三、发遣(441) 四、锢身(442) 五、程粮(443) 六、著籍(444) 第四节 长流人犯之处置(445) 一、长流政策之变迁(445) 二、长流人叙用转迁(447) 三、流人滞留与赐死(449) 第五节 唐代长流之影响(452) 本章小结(455) 第十八章 赐死(456) 引言(456) 第一节 唐代赐死执行程序(458) 一、发布敕令(458) 二、宣诏监刑(460) 三、行刑方式(462) 第二节 赐死规则实质要件(464) 一、赐死场所(464) 二、临刑优崇(466) 三、奉敕安葬(467) 第三节 唐代赐死涉案罪名(469) 一、十恶重罪(469) 二、经济犯罪(472) 三、其他犯罪(475) 第四节 唐代赐死规则之特征(488) 一、赐死与唐代政治密切相关(488) 二、赐死对死刑规则多有变通(490) 三、唐代赐死对后世影响深远(491) 本章小结(493) 结语(494) 一、规则继受与变迁(494) 二、规则创制与适用(494) 三、诉讼制度与惯例(495) 参考文献(496) 索引(517) 鸣谢(520) Contents Volume 1 Introduction Chapter 1 Introduction(3) 1.1 The Reason and Significance of Choosing the Topic(3) 1.1.1 Reason of the Research(3) 1.1.2 The Meaning of Related Terms(8) 1.1.3 The Significance of the Research(17) 1.2 Review of Relevant Issues(19) 1.2.1 Research on Principle of Litigation Systemin the Tang Dynasty(19) 1.2.2 Research on Litigation System Project in the Tang Dynasty(23) 1.2.3 Research on Litigation Practices in the Tang Dynasty(28) 1.2.4 Research on Form of Law in the Tang Dynasty(30) 1.2.5 Research on Unearthed Litigation Documents(35) 1.2.6 Research on Litigation Legal Culture(39) 1.3 Cultural Basis of the Criminal Litigation Practices(41) 1.3.1 “De Ben Xing Yong”(43) 1.3.2 “Yi Zhun Hu Li”(46) 1.3.3 “De Gu Jin Zhi Ping”(50) 1.4 Research Route and Innovation(56) 1.4.1 Research Route(56) 1.4.2 Innovation(56) 1.5 The Main Research Methods(58) 1.5.1 Research Methods of Historical Data(58) 1.5.2 Research Methods of Historical and Archaeological Data Prove Each Other(58) 1.5.3 Research Methods of Historical Data and the Literature Prove Each Other(59) 1.5.4 Research Methods of Statistical Analysis(60) 1.6 The Main Research Data(60) 1.6.1 The Official History and Annals(61) 1.6.2 Zheng-shu and Institution(62) 1.6.3 Code and Imperial Edicts(62) 1.6.4 Lei-shu(64) 1.6.5 Poetry and Legend(64) 1.6.6 Archaeological Data(65) Volume 2 Special Subject and Litigation Practice Introduction(69) Chapter 2 Women(71) 2.1 Litigation Agent Function(72) 2.2 The Appeal Function(76) 2.3 Participate in the Lawsuit(81) 2.3.1 The Criminal Defendant(82) 2.3.2 The Victim(84) 2.3.3 The Witness(86) 2.4 Arrest Female Relatives(89) 2.4.1 The Historical Origin of Shou-nu(89) 2.4.2 Mo-guan in the Tang Dynasty(91) 2.4.3 Exemption from the Responsibility of Women(96) 2.5 Exile and An-zhi(99) 2.5.1 Exile(99) 2.5.2 An-zhi(102) The Summary of this Chapter(106) Chapter 3 Private Servants(108) 3.1 Legislative History of Private Servants Against Master(109) 3.2 The Identity of Private Servants(114) 3.3 Charges of Private Servants Against Master(118) 3.3.1 Rebellion(118) 3.3.2 Defected(118) 3.3.3 Spy(119) 3.3.4 Sorcery(119) 3.3.5 Corruption(120) 3.3.6 Murder(120) 3.3.7 Others(121) 3.4 The Case Processing of Private Servants Against Master(121) 3.4.1 Pardon the Master and Punish Servants(122) 3.4.2 Pardon Servants and Punish the Master(122) 3.4.3 Kill Servants and Punish the Master(123) 3.5 The Cause of the Phenomenon of Private Servants Against Their Master(124) 3.5.1 Slaves to Vent Anger(124) 3.5.2 The Monarch to Cast Politics(125) 3.5.3 Cliques Fighting with Each Other(126) 3.6 The Development of the Legislation of Private Slaves Against Master(126) The Summary of this Chapter(129) Chapter 4 Neighbors(130) 4.1 Neighbor Mutually Prosecution System(131) 4.2 Rescue Obligations between Neighbors(134) 4.3 Reporting Obligations between Neighbors(135) 4.4 The Type of Litigation between Neighbors(140) 4.4.1 Neighbors Report(141) 4.4.2 Neighbors Involved in Litigation(143) 4.5 Proof Obligations between Neighbors(144) 4.6 Joint and Several Liability of Neighbors(146) The Summary of this Chapter(151) Volume 3 Research on Litigation Practice Introduction(155) Chapter 5 Litigation Principle(157) 5.1 Mandatory Prosecution Principle(157) 5.1.1 Rebellion Case Nearby Secret System of Prosecution(157) 5.1.2 Statue of Relatives Killed Report within a Time Limit(158) 5.1.3 The Victim's Family and Neighbors Prosecution(158) 5.2 Limit Principle of Prosecution(159) 5.2.1 The Identity Restrictions(159) 5.2.2 The Program Restrictions(162) 5.3 The Principle of Banning Prosecution(163) 5.3.1 Banned Prisoners to Prosecute(163) 5.3.2 Pardon before the Criminal Prosecution is Prohibited(164) 5.3.3 Ban beyond Level Prosecution(165) 5.3.4 Prohibit False Accusation(166) 5.4 A Lawsuit Accepted Only When Prosecuted(167) The Summary of this Chapter(168) Chapter 6 Impeachment(169) 6.1 The Evolution of Impeachment Practices(169) 6.2 The Changes of the Impeachment Proceedings(172) 6.2.1 Report to the Emperor(173) 6.2.2 Wear Xie-zhi Crowns and Put on the Clothes of the Judge(175) 6.2.3 Open the Impeachment(176) 6.3 Impeachment Trial Procedures(178) 6.3.1 Held(179) 6.3.2 Trial(179) 6.3.3 Multiple trials(180) 6.3.4 Sentencing(182) The Summary of this Chapter(184) Appendix(185) Chapter 7 To Yu-shi-tai Prosecution(190) 7.1 Yu-shi-tai Gain the Power of the Trial(190) 7.2 The Improvement of the Yu-shi-tai Judicial System(193) 7.3 Hosted by Envoys Trial System(195) 7.4 The Level of Yu-shi-tai in Tang Dynasty(198) The Summary of this Chapter(200) Chapter 8 Prosecution(201) 8.1 The Reason of Prosecution(203) 8.1.1 Impeach(203) 8.1.2 Hostility(204) 8.1.3 False Accusation(204) 8.2 Proceeding of Prosecution(205) 8.2.1 Prosecution(205) 8.2.2 Custody(208) 8.2.3 Judgment(210) 8.3 Reward Standard for Prosecution(211) 8.3.1 Financial Crime(214) 8.3.2 Fiscal and Taxation Crime(217) 8.3.3 Other Crimes(218) The Summary of this Chapter(220) Chapter 9 Snitching(222) 9.1 The Development of the System of Snitching(222) 9.2 Jurisdiction of Snitching Cases(224) 9.3 The Evolution of Snitching(228) 9.3.1 Written Form(228) 9.3.2 Oral Tales(230) 9.4 Trial Procedure of Informers Case(232) 9.4.1 Custody and Interrogation(232) 9.4.2 Interrogation and Trial(233) 9.5 The Characteristics of Whistle Blowing Rules(235) 9.5.1 Allow Direct Reports to the Emperor(235) 9.5.2 Accept the Case about Slaves Against Master(236) 9.5.3 Snitch Allowed in Violation of Regulations(236) The Summary of this Chapter(237) Chapter 10 Appeal(239) 10.1 Step by Step to Appeal(239) 10.2 Confession before Death(245) 10.3 Relatives Agent Appeal(253) 10.3.1 Multiple Judicial Organ Respectively in Charge of the Jurisdiction of the Appeals(254) 10.3.2 The Agent Has the Privilege to Appeal(257) 10.3.3 No Limitation of Proxy Appeal and the Final Trial(261) The Summary of this Chapter(263) Volume 4 Research on Judgment Practice Chapter 11 Joint Hearing System(267) 11.1 The Development of Joint Hearing System(267) 11.2 Status Change in Joint Hearing System(270) 11.3 The Relationship Between Joint Hearing System and San-si-tui-shi(275) 11.4 The Characteristics of Joint Hearing System(280) 11.4.1 Joint Hearing System Dominant Judgment in Tang Dynasty(280) 11.4.2 Yu-shi-tai Position Being Very Superior in Joint Hearing System(282) 11.4.3 The Status of Joint Hearing System Gradual Decline in Middle-late Tang Dynasty(283) The Summary of This Chapter(287) Chapter 12 Discussion(288) 12.1 The Discussion of Difficult Cases(289) 12.1.1 Crime and Non-crime(290) 12.1.2 This Crime From That Crime(291) 12.2 Discussion of Sentencing(293) 12.2.1 Death Penalty(293) 12.2.2 Implication(296) 12.2.3 Forgiveness(298) 12.2.4 Ba-yi(299) 12.3 The Discussion About the Etiquette(302) 12.3.1 Changing Posthumous Name(302) 12.3.2 No Marriage(303) 12.3.3 Private Death Anniversary(304) 12.3.4 Revenge(305) 12.4 The Discussion of the Legislation(312) 12.4.1 Policy Discussion(312) 12.4.2 Law Interpretation(313) 12.4.3 Case Dispute(314) 12.5 Agenda(315) 12.5.1 Enablement(315) 12.5.2 Participation in Discussion(317) 12.5.3 Rules of Discussion(320) The Summary of This Chapter(324) Chapter 13 Judicial Review(326) 13.1 The Development of Judicial Review(326) 13.2 The Improvement of Judicial Review in Tang Dynasty(329) 13.3 The Status of Punishment Ministry of Judicial Review(332) 13.3.1 Judicial Review According to Law(334) 13.3.2 Judicial Review According to Ethic(335) 13.3.3 Judicial Review According to Hard Cases(337) 13.4 The Supervision Function of State Judicial Review(338) 13.5 The Supervision Function of Envoy Judicial Review(342) 13.5.1 Yu-shi Judicial Review(342) 13.5.2 San-si Judicial Review(343) 13.5.3 Special Envoy Judicial Review(344) The Summary of This Chapter(346) Chapter 14 Rehabilitation(348) 14.1 The Development of Rehabilitation(348) 14.2 Actual Operation of Rehabilitation(355) 14.2.1 Rehabilitation in Shen-long Period (355) 14.2.2 Operational Procedure of Rehabilitation(358) 14.2.3 System of Accountability(365) 14.3 The Alienation of Rehabilitation(366) The Summary of This Chapter(370) Volume 5 Research on Execution Practice Introduction(375) Chapter 15 Whipping(377) 15.1 The Scope of Whipping(378) 15.2 Changes in the Status of Whipping in Medieval China (382) 15.2.1 Qin Dynasty to Early Part of Han Dynasty(382) 15.2.2 Wen-jing Period to Early Part of Cao-wei Dynasty(383) 15.2.3 Jin Dynasty to Sui Dynasty(384) 15.3 The Type of Whipping in Tang Dynasty(385) 15.3.1 Principal Punishments(385) 15.3.2 Supplementary Punishments(388) 15.3.3 Administrative Punishments(390) 15.3.4 The Death Penalty(391) 15.4 Application of Whipping(392) The Summary of this Chapter(396) Chapter 16 Jia-yi-liu(398) 16.1 The Establishment of Jia-yi-liu(398) 16.2 According to Jia-yi-liu Sentencing Directly (402) 16.2.1 According to the Specific Behavior Directly Determining the Penalty(403) 16.2.2 Specific Subject Combining Behaviors Determining the Punishment(404) 16.3 In Comparison to Other Charges Sin Exempt From the Death Penalty(407) 16.3.1 According to Lan-ru Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(407) 16.3.2 According to Dou-sha-shang Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(408) 16.3.3 According to Yi-shi-ji-cheng Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(411) 16.3.4 According to Violating the Law Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(411) 16.3.5 According to Fa-jun-xing Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(413) 16.3.6 According to Theft Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(413) 16.3.7 According to Robbery Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(414) 16.3.8 According to Gu-ru-ren-zui Punishment, Sentenced to Jia-yi-liu(414) 16.4 The Development of Applicable Rules of Jia-yi-liu(416) 16.5 The Development of Jia-yi-liu in Song Dynasty(420) 16.5.1 Application of Jia-yi-liu in the Field of Economic Crime(421) 16.5.2 Application of Jia-yi-liu in the Field of Duty Crime(422) The Summary of This Chapter(424) Chapter 17 Exiled to the Most Remote Places(426) 17.1 The Creation of the Exile in Tang Dynasty (427) 17.2 Exile Area(434) 17.3 Exile Program(439) 17.3.1 Removing Name From the Rolls(439) 17.3.2 Flogging With a Stick(440) 17.3.3 Repatriate(441) 17.3.4 Wearing Tortures(442) 17.3.5 Distance and Food(443) 17.3.6 Registered Account(444) 17.4 The Management of the Criminals(445) 17.4.1 The Changes of the Policy of Exile(445) 17.4.2 The Release and Promotion of the Prisoners(447) 17.4.3 The Criminal Detention and Suicide by a Sovereign Order(449) 17.5 The Influence of the Exile(452) The Summary of This Chapter(455) Chapter 18 Suicide by a Sovereign Order(456) Introduction(456) 18.1 The Program of Suicide by a Sovereign Order in Tang Dynasty(458) 18.1.1 Issuing a Decree(458) 18.1.2 Executing the Criminal Punishment(460) 18.1.3 The Way of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(462) 18.2 The Elements of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(464) 18.2.1 The Place of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(464) 18.2.2 Special Treatment of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(466) 18.2.3 According to the Emperor's Command for Burial(467) 18.3 Crimes of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(469) 18.3.1 Shi-e(469) 18.3.2 Economic Crime(472) 18.3.3 Other Crimes(475) 18.4 The Characteristics of the Rules of Suicide by a Sovereign Order(488) 18.4.1 Closely Related to Politics in Tang Dynasty(488) 18.4.2 Flexible System of Death Penalty(490) 18.4.3 Having a Profound Effect on Later Generations(491) The Summary of This Chapter(493) Conclusion(494) 1. Inheritance and Change of Procedure Rules(494) 2. Creating and Using of Procedure Rules(494) 3. Litigation Law and Litigation Practice(495) References(496) Index (517) Acknowledgments(520)